Common Side Effects
These are side effects that occur in more than 10% of patients taking Pomalyst:
- Hematologic (Blood-related):
- Low white blood cell count (neutropenia), increasing infection risk
- Low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), increasing bleeding risk
- Low red blood cell count (anemia), causing fatigue
- Gastrointestinal:
- Nausea
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Loss of appetite
- General and Musculoskeletal:
- Fatigue or weakness
- Muscle pain or cramps
- Neurological:
- Dizziness
- Peripheral neuropathy (numbness, tingling in hands or feet)
- Skin and Hair:
- Rash
- Itching (pruritus)
Less Common Side Effects
These occur in 1-10% of patients:
- Hematologic:
- Increased risk of serious infections, including pneumonia or sepsis
- Blood clots (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism)
- Cardiovascular:
- Shortness of breath due to blood clots or low oxygen levels
- Metabolic:
- Elevated liver enzymes (indicating possible liver stress)
- Hypercalcemia (high calcium levels)
- Psychiatric:
- Insomnia
- Mood changes
Rare but Serious Side Effects
These are uncommon but may require immediate medical attention:
- Immune System and Allergic Reactions:
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis, swelling, or difficulty breathing)
- Severe skin reactions (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis)
- Hematologic and Oncologic:
- Secondary cancers, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- Bone marrow suppression (severe reduction in blood cell production)
- Neurological:
- Confusion or difficulty thinking clearly
- Cardiovascular:
- Stroke or heart attack (linked to blood clots)
Other Notable Risks and Considerations
- Pregnancy and Birth Defects:
Pomalyst is highly teratogenic and can cause severe birth defects or fetal death. Women of childbearing potential must follow strict pregnancy prevention measures. - Infection Risks:
Due to low white blood cell counts, there’s an increased risk of life-threatening infections.
When to Contact a Healthcare Provider
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Signs of infection (fever, chills, persistent cough)
- Unexplained bruising or bleeding
- Chest pain, shortness of breath, or swelling in the legs (possible blood clots)
- Severe skin reactions or rashes
- Sudden confusion, slurred speech, or weakness in one side of the body
This list provides an overview, but it may not cover every possible side effect. For detailed information tailored to your health, consult your healthcare provider or review the medication guide included with Pomalyst.