Afinitor (Everolimus) is a prescription medication used to treat several types of cancer, such as breast cancer, kidney cancer, and neuroendocrine tumors. It is also prescribed to patients with certain types of tumors associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Patients starting Afinitor can expect several adjustments in their daily lives, including managing side effects, making dietary changes, and closely following their healthcare provider’s guidance. This blog will provide an overview of what patients and caregivers should know about Afinitor, helping to prepare for what to expect when beginning this treatment.
How Afinitor (Everolimus) Works
Afinitor is an mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor, which works by blocking certain enzymes that promote cell growth and survival. In cancer treatment, Afinitor helps to slow the growth and spread of cancer cells. It also targets abnormal cells in the brain and kidneys, making it a key treatment option for patients with TSC.
Administration of Afinitor (Everolimus)
Afinitor comes in tablet form and is usually taken once a day at the same time. Patients should follow their doctor’s instructions carefully regarding dosage and timing. Tablets should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and should not be chewed or crushed.
It’s important to avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice while taking Afinitor, as these can affect how the drug works in the body.
Potential Side Effects
Like many cancer treatments, Afinitor (Everolimus) can cause a range of side effects, some of which may require adjustments in the patient’s routine. Some of the common side effects include:
- Mouth ulcers: This is one of the most common side effects and can be managed with a doctor-recommended mouthwash or oral gel.
- Fatigue: Patients may feel unusually tired while on Afinitor, so it’s important to rest when necessary and pace daily activities.
- Diarrhea: Maintaining proper hydration and following dietary advice from a healthcare provider can help manage this side effect.
- Infections: Afinitor can weaken the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections. It’s crucial to practice good hygiene and avoid people who are sick.
- Loss of appetite or weight loss: Patients may experience a reduced appetite or unintended weight loss, which should be reported to a healthcare provider.
- Skin issues: Rashes or other skin irritations may occur.
Some side effects may be severe or persistent, and patients should contact their healthcare provider if they experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, high fever, or unusual bleeding.
Dietary Considerations
As mentioned earlier, grapefruit and grapefruit juice must be avoided, as they interfere with how Afinitor is processed in the body. Patients should also follow any specific dietary instructions provided by their healthcare provider, especially if Afinitor impacts their digestion or appetite.
In general, eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains can help patients maintain strength and energy while undergoing treatment. If weight loss or appetite suppression becomes a concern, a nutritionist or dietitian can provide additional guidance.
Lifestyle Adjustments
Patients on Afinitor may need to adjust their daily routines to account for potential side effects and the demands of cancer treatment. Some lifestyle considerations include:
- Rest: As fatigue is common, patients should prioritize rest and avoid overexerting themselves.
- Infection prevention: Afinitor can make patients more prone to infections, so practicing good hygiene (such as frequent handwashing) and avoiding crowded places during cold and flu season is essential.
- Skin protection: Patients should use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors, as their skin may become more sensitive during treatment.
- Exercise: Light to moderate physical activity may be beneficial for some patients, but it’s important to consult a healthcare provider before starting or continuing an exercise routine.
Caregiver Considerations
Caregivers play a vital role in supporting patients on Afinitor. They should be aware of the medication’s potential side effects and be ready to assist with managing them. Some key areas where caregivers can help include:
- Monitoring symptoms: Keeping track of side effects and ensuring the patient reports any serious symptoms to their doctor.
- Providing emotional support: Cancer treatment can be emotionally challenging, and caregivers can offer vital emotional and mental support throughout the process.
- Encouraging adherence: Ensuring the patient follows their medication schedule and attends all medical appointments.
- Helping with daily activities: If fatigue or other side effects make daily activities difficult, caregivers may need to assist with cooking, cleaning, or other tasks.
Afinitor is a powerful medication that offers hope for many patients battling cancer and other serious conditions. However, like any potent treatment, it requires careful management and adjustments in lifestyle. Patients and caregivers should work closely with their healthcare team to monitor side effects, make necessary lifestyle changes, and ensure the treatment is as effective as possible. By staying informed and proactive, patients can navigate their treatment journey with greater confidence and support. As always, should you have questions give us a call during regular business hours. Our pharmacists are always happy to help.