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In this blog, we will explore what happens when patients take Aubagio, also known as Teriflunomide, for extended periods, the risks and benefits of long-term use, and how healthcare providers and patients can effectively manage treatment over the years.
Managing multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong journey that involves balancing various treatment options, monitoring disease progression, and managing symptoms. One of the medications that have emerged as a key player in this battle is Aubagio, also known by its generic name; Teriflunomide, a disease-modifying therapy (DMT) that helps reduce the frequency of relapses and slow disease progression in patients with relapsing forms of MS.
But as with any long-term medication, it’s essential to understand the long-term effects of Aubagio on the body, its effectiveness over time, and how it impacts the MS management strategy.
Aubagio: A Quick Recap of How It Works
Aubagio is an oral medication that works by inhibiting the function of T-cells, a type of white blood cell involved in the immune system’s response. In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective sheath of nerve fibers in the central nervous system, causing inflammation and damage. Aubagio works by suppressing the proliferation of activated T-cells, which helps reduce the immune system’s attack on the nervous system.
By reducing the frequency of relapses and slowing the progression of physical disability, Aubagio plays an important role in managing the long-term course of MS. However, patients taking Aubagio need to be aware of how their body may respond to long-term use.
The Benefits of Long-Term Use of Aubagio
One of the primary goals of any disease-modifying therapy for MS is to reduce the frequency and severity of relapses. Aubagio has been shown to be effective in achieving this goal over the long term, which is essential for patients who live with MS for many years.
- Reduction in Relapses
Studies have demonstrated that Aubagio effectively reduces the frequency of relapses, even after prolonged use. A pivotal study, the TEMSO trial, which lasted for over two years, found that Aubagio significantly reduced relapse rates compared to a placebo, with continued effectiveness over time.
In clinical practice, this means that patients on Aubagio can expect fewer flare-ups, leading to a better quality of life. Reducing relapses helps minimize the cumulative damage to the central nervous system and preserves neurological function.
- Slowing Disease Progression
Aubagio has also been shown to slow the progression of physical disability associated with MS. The TOWER study, a phase 3 trial of Aubagio, revealed that patients who received the medication had a slower increase in disability compared to those who took a placebo. Over time, this could result in a delay in the need for assistive devices such as wheelchairs or walkers.
Slowing the rate of disability progression is particularly important for patients with relapsing forms of MS, as it gives them more time to maintain their independence and continue with their daily activities.
- Convenience of Oral Administration
Unlike other MS medications that are injectable or infusible, Aubagio offers the convenience of oral administration. This ease of use makes it more appealing to many patients who may struggle with needles or have difficulty adhering to other treatment regimens. Over the years, taking a daily pill can be a less disruptive option for managing MS.
Challenges and Considerations of Long-Term Aubagio Use
While Aubagio offers significant benefits, it is essential to consider the potential risks and challenges that can arise over years of treatment.
- Side Effects
The long-term use of Aubagio can come with side effects that may require monitoring and management by healthcare providers. Some of the most common side effects include:
- Liver Toxicity: One of the major concerns with long-term use of Aubagio is its potential impact on liver function. The medication can cause an increase in liver enzymes, and patients are typically monitored with regular blood tests to ensure their liver remains healthy.
- Hair Thinning or Loss: Some patients may experience thinning hair or hair loss over time. While this is usually temporary and reversible, it can be distressing for some individuals.
- High Blood Pressure: Aubagio can elevate blood pressure, which could become problematic if left unchecked. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is recommended.
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Some patients experience gastrointestinal discomfort, including nausea, diarrhea, or abdominal pain.
Although these side effects are not universal, they are important for patients and their healthcare providers to watch for, especially after years of taking the medication.
- Immune System Suppression
Since Aubagio works by suppressing certain immune functions, long-term use could increase the risk of infections. This is a consideration for patients with weakened immune systems, particularly those who develop infections more easily or have a history of certain illnesses.
In rare cases, patients may experience more severe infections or other immune-related complications. Therefore, maintaining good hygiene, practicing preventative healthcare, and seeking prompt treatment for any signs of infection are essential for patients taking Aubagio long-term.
- Pregnancy Considerations
Aubagio is not recommended during pregnancy due to the risk of birth defects. It is crucial for women who are planning a pregnancy to stop taking Aubagio well in advance. The drug can remain in the body for several months after discontinuation, so women must undergo specific washout procedures under the guidance of their healthcare provider before trying to conceive.
Patients should be counseled about this concern early in their treatment journey to plan for a safe and healthy pregnancy in the future.
Monitoring and Managing Long-Term Use of Aubagio
For patients on long-term Aubagio therapy, regular monitoring and open communication with healthcare providers are key to maintaining optimal outcomes.
- Regular Blood Tests
Aubagio can impact liver function and blood cell counts, regular blood tests are essential to monitor for any signs of liver toxicity, bone marrow suppression, or other potential issues. Patients should have blood tests every month for the first six months and then at least every three months thereafter.
- Blood Pressure Monitoring
Aubagio can raise blood pressure so patients should have their blood pressure checked regularly. If elevated blood pressure is detected, it should be managed promptly to avoid complications such as cardiovascular disease. Your healthcare provider will know the best course of action.
- Adjusting the Treatment Plan
Patients and their healthcare providers may reassess the treatment plan over time based on how their disease is progressing. While Aubagio has shown long-term effectiveness, it may not be the right option for every patient. Always talk to your doctor about your questions and concerns.
If disease progression continues despite treatment, doctors may consider switching to a different therapy. Additionally, patients may need other medications or interventions to manage MS symptoms, making it essential to maintain a flexible treatment approach.
The Future of Long-Term Aubagio Treatment
We don’t know exactly what the future holds for MS research, but we all remain hopeful that someday a cure can be discovered. As research on MS and its treatments continues to evolve, we may see even more refined strategies for using Aubagio over the long term. New studies may provide insights into better monitoring techniques, alternative therapies for side effects, and methods for optimizing long-term outcomes.
For now, Aubagio remains a cornerstone in MS treatment for many patients, offering sustained benefits over the years. For those who respond well to the medication, it provides an effective tool for managing disease activity and maintaining quality of life.
Aubagio Wrap-Up
In conclusion, long-term use of Aubagio can be a vital part of managing MS for many patients. With continued monitoring and attention to potential side effects, it helps reduce relapses and slow the progression of physical disability. By working closely with healthcare providers, patients can maximize the benefits of this therapy and continue living full and active lives.
For those on Aubagio, staying informed, maintaining regular check-ups, and engaging in a holistic approach to MS management will ensure they receive the best possible outcomes as they continue their MS treatment journey.